How does nanotechnology work?

Nanotechnology involves manipulating and controlling nanomaterials in a useful way. We can find nanomaterials in nature; examples are hemoglobin, smoke from the fire, volcanic ash, and sea spray.

One of the main benefits of nanotechnology is that it increases the material's surface, which allows more atoms to interact with other materials. This property is responsible for the strength, durability, and conductivity of nanomaterials. 

Working at the nanoscale gives scientists the opportunity to use the unique physical, chemical, mechanical, and optical properties of materials that naturally occur at that scale. Nanotechnologists must understand the various types and dimensions of nanomaterials to take advantage of their special properties. 

The applications of nanotechnology are endless.  It goes from medical devices and drugs to materials that reduce fuel costs for cars and planes. 

References: 

https://www.nano.gov/nanotech-101/what/working-nanoscale

https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/nanotechnology/